Jainism, one of the world’s oldest religions emphasizing non-violence (ahimsa), truth, non-possession, and asceticism, has a small but vibrant presence in Malaysia. The Jain community in Malaysia numbers around 2,500 people, primarily descendants of migrants from India. Historical records suggest that some Jains may have arrived as early as the 15th or 16th century in Malacca (now Melaka), during periods of trade and migration, with more arriving later during the British colonial era. The community has grown steadily, establishing centers for worship, cultural preservation, and festivals like Paryushan and Daslakshan.
Despite its minority status in a predominantly Muslim country with significant Buddhist, Hindu, and Christian populations, Jainism thrives through dedicated organizations and temples. These serve as spiritual hubs for prayer, rituals, community gatherings, and education in Jain principles. Malaysia hosts a handful of notable Jain temples (derasars or mandirs), mostly in urban areas with larger Jain populations like Kuala Lumpur and Ipoh. These temples follow different sects, including Shwetamber (white-clad) and Digambar (sky-clad) traditions.
Here are the main known Jain temples in Malaysia:
1. Shri Chintamani Parshvanath Jain Temple (Ipoh, Perak)
Often called the first Shikhar Bandhi Jain Deraser in Malaysia (a fully enclosed temple with spires), this is widely regarded as the country’s inaugural Jain temple. Dedicated primarily to Shri Chintamani Parshvanath Bhagawan (a form of Lord Parshvanath, the 23rd Tirthankara), along with Mata Padamavati Devi and Mataji Sarasvati Devi.
- History and Construction: Initiated in April 1998 under the guidance of Pujya Gurudeva Shree Jinchandraji Maharaj. The idol of Chintamani Parshvanath was blessed in August 2000 at Shantiniketan Sadhana Kendra in Tithal, India. The grand consecration (pratistha mahotsav) took place from February 2–4, 2002, with blessings from several Jain ascetics including Pujya Shree Kirtichandraji Maharaj and others. It is noted as one of the first Jain temples built in a Muslim-majority country.
- Significance: It plays a crucial role in preserving Jain culture for the local community and visitors. The associated Shantiniketan Foundation Malaysia organizes spiritual camps (shibirs), poojas, and festival celebrations.
- Architecture: The temple features elegant Indian-style design with a shikhar (spire), pillared entrance, and serene interior spaces for worship.
2. Kuala Lumpur Shwetamber Jain Temple (Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur)
Also known as Shri Swetambar Jain Temple, this Shwetamber sect temple is a peaceful spiritual retreat in the upscale Bangsar neighborhood.
- History: Inaugurated around 2011, with notable attendance from Malaysia’s then-Human Resources Minister Subramaniam Sathasivam. It was constructed using approximately 4,000 kilograms of marble imported from India, highlighting its authentic design.
- Features: The temple offers a calm sanctuary amid urban life, with traditional Jain idols, intricate carvings, and spaces for meditation and rituals. It embodies peace, wisdom, and Jain heritage.
- Significance: Serves as a key center for the capital’s Jain community, supporting religious practices and cultural events.
3. Shri Parshwanath Digambar Jain Mandir (PNDK) (Kuala Lumpur Sentral Area)
This Digambar sect temple, dedicated to Lord Parshwanath, is located in the modern Kuala Lumpur Sentral vicinity (e.g., Suasana Sentral Condominium area on Jalan Stesen Sentral 5).
- Details: Darshan (viewing of deities) is often by appointment, reflecting its integrated urban setting. It hosts events like Daslakshan Mahaparva (a major Jain festival of forgiveness and austerity).
- Significance: Provides a space for Digambar Jains in the busy capital, with active participation in festivals and community rituals. It’s noted for its serene atmosphere despite the surrounding high-rises.
These temples represent the diversity of Jain sects in Malaysia—Shwetamber (emphasizing clothed monks and elaborate rituals) and Digambar (emphasizing nudity for ascetics and simpler practices). While sources indicate only a few prominent ones (primarily these three), some directories suggest up to 20 Jain-related sites or smaller prayer halls, though details are limited and many may be community centers rather than full temples.
The Jain community in Malaysia maintains strong ties to global Jain organizations, imports materials and idols from India, and upholds core tenets like vegetarianism, non-violence, and ethical living. Visitors are often welcomed for darshan, especially during festivals, but it’s advisable to check current access (some require appointments) and respect customs like removing shoes and modest attire.
These temples stand as testaments to the enduring spirit of Jainism in Southeast Asia, fostering spiritual growth in a multicultural society. Jai Jinendra!
